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Bronchoscopy & Interventional Pulmonology in Mumbai

Advanced Airway Diagnosis and Therapeutic Lung Interventions

When a chest X-ray raises a question the CT scan cannot fully answer, or when a lung lesion needs tissue diagnosis without open surgery, bronchoscopy is the tool that provides answers and treatment through the airway itself. Bronchoscopy treatment in Mumbai at Shree Hospitals covers the full spectrum — from flexible diagnostic bronchoscopy and endobronchial ultrasound-guided biopsy to therapeutic interventions including airway stenting, foreign body removal, and bronchial thermoplasty. Our interventional pulmonology team manages complex airway and lung conditions with precision endoscopic techniques that avoid surgery, reduce risk, and deliver accurate diagnoses faster.

What is Bronchoscopy & Interventional Pulmonology?

The lungs and airways are not easily accessible organs. For decades, diagnosing and treating conditions within the bronchial tree required either blind sampling techniques with low yield or open surgical procedures with significant recovery burden. Interventional pulmonology procedures Mumbai India changed this - using advanced endoscopic tools inserted through the mouth or nose into the airways, pulmonologists can now visualise, sample, and treat lesions deep within the lung with precision that matches surgical approaches and recovery times that do not.

Flexible bronchoscopy uses a thin, manoeuvrable fibre-optic scope passed through the vocal cords into the trachea and bronchial tree under conscious sedation. The pulmonologist directly visualises the airway mucosa, identifies abnormalities, and takes targeted biopsies, brushings, or bronchoalveolar lavage samples. Flexible bronchoscopy lung diagnosis can confirm lung cancer, identify infections including tuberculosis and fungal pneumonias, diagnose interstitial lung disease, and assess airway anatomy before and after surgery.

Endobronchial ultrasound EBUS extends bronchoscopy capability further - a miniature ultrasound probe at the bronchoscope tip visualises lymph nodes and lesions adjacent to the airway wall, allowing real-time ultrasound-guided needle aspiration of mediastinal lymph nodes without surgery. This single technique has transformed the staging of lung cancer and the diagnosis of sarcoidosis, lymphoma, and mediastinal tuberculosis. At Shree Hospitals, airway intervention pulmonology extends to therapeutic procedures - stenting of malignant airway obstruction, electrocautery and cryotherapy for endobronchial lesions, and balloon dilation of benign airway strictures - all performed in a dedicated bronchoscopy suite with full anaesthetic and monitoring support.

When Should You Consider Bronchoscopy?

Bronchoscopy is indicated when:
 

• Abnormal chest X-ray or CT requiring tissue diagnosis
• Persistent cough or haemoptysis with no identified cause
• Suspected lung cancer requiring bronchial or lymph node biopsy
• Recurrent or non-resolving pneumonia in the same lung segment
• Suspected endobronchial lesion or airway abnormality
• Foreign body aspiration in adults or children
• Interstitial lung disease requiring bronchoalveolar lavage
• Post-intubation tracheal stenosis assessment and treatment

Is This Treatment Right for You?

Bronchoscopy is appropriate when:
 

• Pulmonologist has reviewed imaging and identified a bronchoscopy-accessible target
• Coagulation profile and platelet count are within safe range for biopsy
• Oxygen saturation and respiratory reserve support procedure under sedation
• No active severe bronchospasm or uncontrolled asthma on day of procedure
• Patient has fasted appropriately for conscious sedation
• Informed consent covers the specific procedure and biopsy complications

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Our Approach to Bronchoscopy & Interventional Pulmonology

Bronchoscopy quality depends entirely on the skill of the operator, the adequacy of the equipment, and the rigour of the pre-procedure planning. At Shree Hospitals, every bronchoscopy treatment in Mumbai procedure is planned with review of all prior imaging, identification of the target site, selection of the appropriate sampling tool, and a clear plan for what the procedure needs to achieve. We do not perform bronchoscopy to tick a box - we perform it to get the answer the patient needs.

Pre-Procedure Planning and Imaging Review

Every bronchoscopy at Shree Hospitals begins with a detailed review of all available imaging - chest X-ray, CT thorax, and PET-CT where available. The target lesion is identified, its relationship to the airway mapped, and the most appropriate bronchoscopic approach selected. For EBUS procedures, the lymph node stations to be sampled are mapped against CT imaging before the scope is inserted. This planning step determines diagnostic yield - an unplanned bronchoscopy is an inefficient one.

Diagnostic Bronchoscopy and Sampling

Under conscious sedation, the flexible bronchoscope is passed through the vocal cords with direct visualisation. The entire airway is systematically inspected before targeted sampling begins. Endobronchial biopsies, bronchial washings, brushings, and bronchoalveolar lavage are taken based on the clinical question. For peripheral lesions, airway intervention pulmonology techniques including fluoroscopy-guided or radial probe EBUS-guided sampling are used to increase diagnostic yield from lesions beyond direct bronchoscopic vision.

EBUS-Guided Mediastinal Staging and Diagnosis Endobronchial ultrasound EBUS

With convex probe allows real-time visualisation of mediastinal and hilar lymph nodes through the airway wall. A dedicated EBUS needle is advanced through the working channel of the bronchoscope and into the target lymph node under continuous ultrasound guidance. Multiple passes from multiple lymph node stations are performed in a single session. Rapid on-site evaluation of cytology samples by a cytopathologist in the bronchoscopy suite improves adequacy rates and reduces the need for repeat procedures.

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